Hugh dunbar mcmaster and abraham dale



iuitcd' Y time parte eine.

`HUGH DUNBAR MCMASTER AND-ABRAHAM DALE, oF-cUILFoRD,

e IRELAND.

Letters Patent No. 101,487, dated April 5, 1870.

GOVERNOR PQR STEAM-ENGINE.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom 'it may c'onccrn: v.

.g Be it known that-we, HUGH DUNBAR McMAsrER and ABRAHAM DALE, of Guilford,'in the county of Down, Ireland, in the United Kingdom of Great Brit kain and'Ireland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Governors for Steam-Engines, Water- Wheels, and analogous machines; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a vertical section through thel apparatus on the line S S in iig. 2';

Figure 2 is a corresponding section on the line S S in fig. 1; and

Figure 3 is a horizontal section in two planes, one part on a low plane and the other part on a higher, as will be readily understood on inspection.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

A A is a xed casing, made in several pieces to fa-y cilitate the putting together'and separating the parts.

B is a shaft rotated by the machine which is to be regulated, 'and which we will in future assume to be a steam-engine.y

M1 Mi are wheels tted on the shaft B, and compelled to turn therewith. There are corresponding wheels mounted on another shaft, C, parallel to the4 shaft B, and there are teeth on the surfaces of both.

The wheels N1 and M1 are set a little ahead of the wheels ll M2.

There is a xd casing, A1, interior to the main casing A, whichV incloees about one-half of the periphery of the wheels. There is also a thin portion, A2, of

fixed frame-work between the wheels Ml and M2, and the same also between the wheels N1 and N. The central partition A2 and also the inner faces of the casing Al areproperly tted to allow the parts to be put together and separated with facility, and also to allow the water or oil to work with freedom and success,L even with some imperfections in the workmanship of the wheels.

we w'ill in future designate as oil) with a velcity exactly corresponding to the velocity of the motor.

A plunger, D, is fitted to work easily up and down in a subcasing, A, within the upper part of the casing A. It is attached by the ring d to the ordinary connecting mechanism leading to the throttle-valve, the cutloff adjustment, or other controlling means for et'- fecting the changes of motive force in the engine.

The peculiar pumpY described discharges its oil upward into the lower partof the subchamber A?. There is a passage, E E, leading from the base' of this subchamber A3 back into the main chamber A. This passage is controlled by an adjustable cock or valve, F.- Above the top of subchamber Ae a snbchamber, A4, completely surrounding the plunger D. s It connects with the main chamber A bya'passage, G. The plunger D fits very loosely in its inclosing case, and there is necessarily a constant leakageor owage of oil upward through the thin space thus provided. The oil thus leaking upward is gathered in the chamber A* and returned through the passage G into the main rating casings A1 A2 and the shafts B and C, receives the oil at the bottom from the chamber A, and discharges it upward into the chamber A3 with a velocity exactly proportioned to that of the engine.

A portion of the oil flows upwardly around the plunger into the chamber A4', and falls back through the pas-4 sage G, performing no useful function save that of reducing the friction of the plunger to a merely nominal amount. This portion will be practically uniform under all conditions. Another portion of thevoilvows back through the passage E and cock F. This depends on the adjustment of the cock,and will be practically uniform with any given adjustment. It is intended to adjust this cock to attain any desired rate gradual increase of owage up intothc chamber A,

which may result from wear, or again to compensate for any decrease in such flow, which may result under some conditions from a thickening of the fluid. In other words, thecock F, adjustableby hand, gives the engineer the power at any time, by a simple movement thereof, to increase or diminish the ordinary speed of his engine within wide limits.

Meantime, all the short and sharp or long and slow variations in the ordinary conditions which affect the speed of the engine are automatically, and withy re'- markable promptness and perfection, attended to hy the movement of the plunger D, and, consequently, of the throttle-valve or other controlling device.

The moment the engine commences to run above its ordinary speed, even for a quarter of a revolution, the oil is delivered into the subchamber A3 faster than it escapes, andthe plunger D rises and reduces the supply. On the other hand, the moment the speed falls below the ordinary, the plunger 1) sinks, and in* gine. The action of the c\1t-oi`-coxncs only at intervals. 1f the cut-ctic rod 'or other adjustable device which controls the action ot' the cut-ofi' chances to be at the top of its dancing-motion, it induces-a shortening of the supply beyond its proper amount. It' it chances to be at the bot-toni of its motion, it induces too great a supply for the next stroke. It will not-be necessary to enumerate all the defects of the several previous modifications of this class of governors, further thau to show that this is better. \Ve have applied this governor to the engines ot' a large linen mill, requiring extreme uniformity in the motion, and it has proved eminently successful.

Ve ascribe great importance to the chamber A* and connected passage G. By it We are able not only to allow for the constant and liberal leakage before referred to and the consequent reduction and practical annihilation of the friction of the plunger D, but also to provide an efficient overflow for the oil in the case (always liable to occur) of 'the fracture of some large part of the mechanism, so as momentarily to force the plunger D above its ordinary extreme elevated position.

Our chamber A" and passage G are large enough to carry freely allthe oil which can be sent up under any conditions, and our plunger returns immediately back to its place, and is ready to serve as before.

XVe claim as our improvement in governors for steam-engines and analogous motive-power machines, the steadily delivering pump M, driven by the machine to be regulated, in combination with the plunger D, subchambers A? and A4, and passage G, arranged substantially/Jas represented, the whole controlling and regulating the velocity of the machine, as herein specified.

In testimony' whereof we have hereunto set our names in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

H. D. MCMASTER. ABRAHAM DALE.

Witnesses:

WM. VALENTINE, M. KERMANN. 

